The current trends in integrated prevention and control of malaria. A case study of some Nigerian communities

Omolade O. Okwa

Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Lagos State University, P.M.B 001 LASU.

E-mail: okwaomolade@hotmail.com; Tel: + 234(0)8028313362, +234(0)8034654172

Accepted 03 December, 2012

Abstract

Malaria is holoendemic in Nigeria and responsible for great mortality and morbidity. Fortunately, the burden of malaria is being reduced through effective case management and vector control measures, including the use of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and indoor residual insecticide spraying (IRS). So also, choosing the right antimalarial treatment is crucial for effective management of uncomplicated infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends (ITNs) and IRS as effective vector control measures with prompt treatment of confirmed cases with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). ITNs are now distributed freely to vulnerable groups in Nigeria. IRS is considered as one of the major vector control interventions used in Nigeria today. However, these methods have limitations in their usage. ACTs are used in treating malaria in Nigeria like in most African countries. Health education is also an effective tool that helps improve health in developing nations. Knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) is the educational diagnosis of a community and is essential for control programmes. These integrated management approach has been said to be the best for malaria control.

Keywords: Malaria, Insecticide treated nets, Indoor residual spraying, Artemisinin derivatives, Nigeria.